As Minnesotans, we know how tough winter can be, and backyard birds face the same challenges. When the snow piles up and temperatures plummet, natural food sources become scarce. This is when bird feeders become a lifeline, providing essential nutrition to help birds survive until spring.
While some birds like chickadees and cardinals stick around all year, others, such as redpolls, pine siskins, and grosbeaks, may travel far from their usual habitats in search of nourishment.
Best foods for winter bird feeding
Winter bird feeding revolves around three main food types: large seeds, small seeds, and suet.
- Large seeds, such as black-oil sunflower, safflower, and peanuts, are favorites among cardinals, blue jays, and finches. Cardinal mixes (sunflower, safflower, peanuts) are especially popular, accounting for 80–90% of seed use in Minnesota.
- Peanuts are a hit with chickadees, nuthatches, woodpeckers, and even the occasional cardinal.
- Small seeds, such as millet and niger (thistle), attract juncos, mourning doves, goldfinches, and siskins. Just be sure to use a feeder with small holes for thistle.
- Suet and peanut butter provide high-energy nutrition, making them perfect for cold days. These can be served in mesh feeders or on open platforms.
Avoid cracked corn and milo as they tend to attract house sparrows and starlings, which can crowd out other species.
Feeders to attract winter birds
Birds need more than just good food; they also need feeders placed in sheltered spots that protect their food from the elements and are accessible to a variety of bird species. Choosing the right type of feeder and positioning it properly ensures that birds can feed safely and comfortably, thereby supporting their health and survival during harsh winter months. Each type suits different birds, so mixing it up can help attract a wider variety.
Here’s what works well in winter:
- Tube feeders are great for smaller birds, such as chickadees and finches. They also keep seeds dry.
- Platform feeders are ideal for larger birds, such as doves and jays. Be sure to keep them clean to avoid attracting unwanted guests like squirrels.
- Suet feeders offer the high-fat nutrition woodpeckers and other insect-eating birds need in winter.
- Repurposed two-liter bottles offer a low-cost DIY solution.
Tips for a successful feeding station
Place feeders near your home for easy access during snowstorms. Birds appreciate nearby trees or shrubs for quick shelter between visits.
To keep birds safe from predators, position feeders at least 10 feet from dense cover. If you’re placing feeders near windows, consider stick-on window feeders or move them to reduce collision risks.
- Keep feeders clean to prevent mold and bacteria, which can harm birds. Use soap and water, then rinse thoroughly.
- If squirrels are stealing food, consider using squirrel-proof feeders or placing them in hard-to-reach spots.
- If you have several feeders, space them out to reduce competition and stress among birds.
Winter birdwatching
Winter birdwatching is a fun way to connect with nature. Whether you’re an experienced birder or a beginner, the cold months offer the chance to spot resilient birds that stick around. By keeping feeders stocked and offering the right food, you’ll be helping birds survive while enjoying the beauty of nature from your window.
As temperatures drop, your backyard feeders can make all the difference. Keep your birds well-fed, and you’ll enjoy a variety of species visiting your yard all winter long.
Happy birdwatching!